Evaluation of mean retinal sensitivity using MP‑1 microperimeter in patients with diabetic macular edema before and after laser photocoagulation treatment

INTRODUCTION Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common cause of visual acuity deterioration among patients with diabetes. Laser photocoagulation still remains the most common treatment of DME and diabetic retinopathy.
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess mean central retinal sensitivity among patients with DME before and after laser photocoagulation treatment. Additionally, we estimated the best‑corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal macular thickness before and after treatment. 
PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 30 patients (35 eyes with DME). The mean age was 61.9 ±4.8 years. Insulin was administered in 22 patients and oral antidiabetics in 8. Laser photocoagulation in the macular area was performed in all patients using the Pascal laser. We measured the BCVA, mean central retinal sensitivity, and retinal thickness in the macula (divided into 9 segments). The measurements were performed before and at 1, 3, and 6 months after laser treatment. Central retinal sensitivity was assessed with the MP‑1 microperimeter and macular thickness with optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT).
RESULTS The statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences between BCVA and central retinal sensitivity in the study group before and after laser treatment. The analysis of the mean central retinal thickness showed a significant decrease in macular edema in the individual segments at 1, 3, and 6 months after photocoagulation.
CONCLUSIONS Photocoagulation of DME with the Pascal laser did not cause significant changes either in the BCVA or central retinal sensitivity. Laser treatment in patients with DME significantly reduced central retinal edema in most segments.