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All manuscripts have to be submitted through our online submission system – Editorial Manager.
Log in or create an account at www.editorialmanager.com/pamw.

For active members of Polish Society of Internal Medicine, a new editorial initiative was launched on June 1, 2026. For details, see the attachment (in Polish):

Journal policy

This journal follows the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (ICMJE) and adheres to the principles of publication ethics outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). A declaration of ethical use of Artificial intelligence is mandatory (see Artificial intelligence section below).

Open access policy

Articles published in this journal are open access. This means they are available free of charge to anyone, immediately upon publication.

Licensing terms

Upon submission of the manuscript, the author chooses to release the work under one of the following Creative Commons licenses:

A. CC BY 4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
This is a worldwide, free of charge, nonexclusive, irrevocable license to reproduce and share the Work, in whole or in part; and produce, reproduce, and share derived works based on the Work, including commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited.

B. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
This is a worldwide, free of charge, nonexclusive, irrevocable license to reproduce and share the Work, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes only; and produce, reproduce, and share derived works based on the Work for noncommercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright terms

The copyright to the submitted manuscript is held by the author(s). Upon submission of the manuscript, the author must read and fully accept all the statements and warranties outlined in the License Terms, otherwise the Editorial Board cannot commence any procedure related to the Work, including the review process. The corresponding author will be asked to tick an appropriate box during the submission process in order to confirm on behalf of all authors that they have read the License Terms and agree with their content.
The License Terms can be downloaded here:

Independently and separately from the open license (Creative Commons), the author, acting on the basis of Article 67 section 2 of the Polish Act on Copyright and Related Rights, upon confirming the warranties and approval of the License Terms grants the Polish Society of Internal Medicine a free of charge, nonexclusive license to use the Work with no restriction as to a territory or term, in all the fields of exploitation known at the conclusion of License Terms, including commercial purposes and those referred to in Article 50 of the Polish Act on Copyright and Related Rights. If the author chooses the CC BY 4.0 license, this provision does not apply.

Article-processing charges

The following article processing charges will be applied for articles accepted for publication in Pol Arch Intern Med. APC fees will be determined and calculated based on the PLN exchange rate applicable on the day before issuing an invoice. The current charges are valid from September 01, 2025.

Original articles: the equivalent of EUR 1200 in PLN
Review articles (unsolicited by editors): the equivalent of EUR 1000 in PLN
Clinical images: the equivalent of EUR 800 in PLN
Research letters: the equivalent of EUR 600 in PLN

Editorials, letters to the editor and review articles that are commissioned by the Editorial Office are free of charge.

All prices include a VAT at a rate of 23%. An invoice will be sent once the paper is accepted for publication. Payment is usually due within 21 days of the receipt of an invoice.

The payment should be made to the following account:

Account holder:
"Medycyna Praktyczna" Wojciech Bodzoń, Piotr Gajewski, Jarosław Kużdżał, Wiesław Latuszek-Łukasiewicz, Bernard Wirkijowski Spółka Jawna
ul. Rejtana 2, 30-510 Kraków

Bank:
Bank BGŻ BNP Paribas S.A.
ul. Kasprzaka 10/16, 01-211 Warszawa
Account-No./IBAN-Code: PL32 1600 1039 0002 0033 3552 6152
SWIFT Code: PPABPLPK

APC form can be downloaded here:

Waivers

The journal is published by an independent publisher, with no governmental or public financial support. We are not in a position to provide fee waivers or discounts. Consequently, all authors are required to pay the full article processing charge upon acceptance of their manuscript.

Authorship

Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content and be designated as an author. All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the following: 1) the concept and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, 3) final approval of the version to be submitted. Authors who do not meet all 3 criteria should be acknowledged in the Acknowledgments section. For original articles, the contribution statement, which outlines the contribution each author made to the manuscript (eg, study design, statistical analysis, data interpretation, final revision of the manuscript), should be included at the end of the main text of the manuscript before References and after Acknowledgments.

Only 2 authors may be designated as the authors who equally contributed to the submitted work and may be considered the “first” authors; this should be clearly stated on the title page and in the contribution statement. Of note, no changes to the authorship (including adding or removing an author, or changing the order of authors) are allowed after accepting the manuscript for publication.

The journal encourages adding ORCID identifiers for all authors on the authors list.

Artificial intelligence

AI tools cannot be listed as an author in manuscripts since they do not meet the requirements for authorship. The use of AI in the writing process is permitted; however, it should be reported by authors in the Article information under the “AI statement”.

Conflict of interest

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership, employment, paid expert testimony, and patent applications / registrations within the past 3 years. The conflict of interest statement should be included in the Article information. If there is no potential conflict of interest, please use the following statement: “Conflict of interest: none declared.”

Ethical considerations

The authors are required to follow the ethical principles for clinical research based on the Declaration of Helsinki. The Patients and methods section in original articles and research letters should clearly state that the study was approved by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee and that patients provided written informed consent to participate in the study. All personal details of patients must be kept confidential.

Language considerations

All articles submitted to the journal should be written in correct scientific English with American spelling. The journal does not offer translation services. Authors who are not native speakers of English are strongly encouraged to use professional language-editing services prior to submission. These services can be found on the web using search terms like “scientific editing service” or “manuscript editing service.” Using an editing service is neither a requirement nor a guarantee of acceptance for publication. However, if the English language level of the manuscript is deemed insufficient, such a manuscript will be rejected without peer review.

After a paper is accepted for publication, it is copyedited by in-house editors to ensure maximum clarity and consistency with the journal’s style. Edited papers are typeset and sent to the corresponding author for approval before publication.

Plagiarism and duplicate publications

All manuscripts submitted to Pol Arch Intern Med are checked for plagiarism using Similarity Check, a service enabling editors to screen published and submitted content for originality by providing access to the iThenticate software. Cases of suspected scientific misconduct, including plagiarism and duplicate publications, are handled according to the Committee on Publication Ethics’ Core Practices, as outlined in this flowchart.

Review process

All manuscripts are initially reviewed by the editors (initial in-house review takes on average 2 working days). Manuscripts considered to be unsuitable for the journal or have low priority will be rejected without peer review. Manuscripts deemed to have sufficient priority and quality will be forwarded to external referees for peer review. Manuscripts that do not comply with the Instructions for Authors will be returned for revision prior to peer review.

Suggested reviewers

On submission, the author will be asked to suggest a minimum of 2 reviewers in the manuscript submission system, including their full names and email addresses. Reviewers from the authors’ own department or those who published a paper with any of the co-authors during the previous 3 years may not be suggested. It is also possible to provide up to 3 names of nonpreferred reviewers who should not be invited to review the manuscript.

Proofs

Proofs will be emailed to the corresponding author as a PDF file. Prior to sending the proofs, the manuscript will be edited by in-house editors to ensure consistency with the journal’s formatting style. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to check proofs carefully (in particular, to check typesetting, editing, and completeness and correctness of the text, tables, and figures), and to mark any corrections in a clear and legible fashion, either in the margin, on a separate sheet, or electronically within the PDF document if using the notes tool. Corrected proofs should be returned via email to the editorial office within 3 working days. Except under special circumstances, no further changes may be made once the marked proofs have been returned to us for processing and the article has been published.

Correction of errors

Requests to correct errors identified in a published article should be sent to the journal office by email. Requests will be reviewed by editors and, if legitimate, the article will be revised and a list of corrections as the Erratum will be published in a subsequent issue of the journal.

Archiving and preservation

Pol Arch Intern Med is archived by Portico to ensure the journal's long-term accessibility and protection against loss.

Types of articles

Pol Arch Intern Med publishes editorials, original articles, reviews, clinical images, research letters, clinical practice questions and answers, and letters to the editor. Topics of interest include subjects related to all aspects of internal medicine—clinical and basic science—provided they have practical implications. See the table below for a summary of requirements for all article types.

Editorials

Editorials contain commentaries on the original papers published in the journal. Editorials will be solicited by the editors. The main body of the manuscript should not exceed 1500 words. Up to 15 references are allowed. Editorials have a limit of 3 authors. However, upon request, the editors may give permission to increase the number of authors to 6. An abstract and key words are not required.

Original articles

Original articles, presenting the results of original research, should contain the following headings: Introduction, Patients and methods (with “Statistical analysis” subheading), Results, and Discussion (with “Study limitations” and “Conclusions” subheadings).The Patients and methods section of the paper should clearly state that the study was approved by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee and that patients provided written informed consent to participate in the study, if needed. The main body of the manuscript should not exceed 4000 words. Up to 50 references are allowed. A structured abstract of up to 250 words, a graphical abstract (see Graphical abstracts in the Preparation of the manuscript section) and 3 to 5 key words and graphical abstract are required. The abstract should contain the following headings: Introduction, Objectives, Patients and methods, Results, and Conclusions. Up to 8 tables and / or figures are permitted. Original articles have a limit of 12 authors. For clinical trials, the name of the trial registry, registration number, and URL of the registry should be included on the title page. For multicenter clinical trials, the number of authors may exceed 12.

Review articles

Review articles will be solicited by the editors. However, we will also consider unsolicited reviews submitted by authors with substantial contribution to the field. A presubmission inquiry should contain a short description of the subject, an abstract, and a list of papers related to the field and available in PubMed.gov (for each individual author). Presubmission queries can be sent to the editorial office at pamw@mp.pl.

The main body of the manuscript should contain between 3000 and 5000 words and 30 to 100 references. An unstructured abstract of up to 250 words and 3 to 5 key words are required. Up to 8 tables and / or figures are permitted. Review articles have a limit of 6 authors.

Clinical images

Clinical images contain clinical or basic science images that illustrate interesting or uncommon findings, provide insight into the mechanisms underlying human pathology, or discuss novel therapies. The main body of the manuscript should not exceed 500 words. Up to 5 references (if applicable) and 1 figure containing a maximum of 8 panels (CT scan, photograph, X-ray, MRI, etc) are allowed. A figure legend should contain enough information for the figure to be self-explanatory, and arrows illustrating any abnormal findings should be used where possible to improve clarity. Figure panels should be labeled A, B, C, and so on. For detailed guidelines on the preparation of figures, see the Figures section below. Clinical images have a limit of 6 authors. Movie clips should not be submitted.

Research letters

Research letters contain brief communications or preliminary results of original studies that deserve rapid publication. Please note that research protocols or case series will be published in this format only. The Patients and methods section of the paper should clearly state that the study was approved by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee and that patients provided written informed consent to participate in the study, if needed. The main body of the manuscript should not exceed 2500 words. Up to 20 references and 1 table or figure are allowed. Research letters have a limit of 6 authors. For clinical trials, the name of the trial registry, registration number, and URL of the registry should be included on the title page. For multicenter clinical trials, the number of authors may exceed 6. An abstract and key words are not required.

Clinical practice questions and answers

Clinical practice questions and answers comment on the current challenges of everyday practice relevant for internal medicine specialists. Questions and answers will be solicited by the editors. The main body of the manuscript should not exceed 1500 words. Up to 15 references and 1 table or figure are allowed. Clinical practice questions and answers have a limit of 3 authors. An abstract and key words are not required.

Latest trends

Latest trends comment on new advances in clinically relevant fields that fuel debates on hot and controversial topics still uncovered by guidelines or position papers. Latest trends will be solicited by the editors. The main body of the manuscript should not exceed 1500 words. Up to 15 references are allowed. Latest trends have a limit of 3 authors. However, upon request, the editors may give permission to increase the number of authors to 6. An abstract and key words are not required.

Letters to the editor

Letters to the editor comment on an article published in Pol Arch Intern Med within the preceding 6 months. The authors of the original publication will be invited to respond. The main body of the manuscript, both for the letter and the authors’ reply, should not exceed 750 words. Up to 5 references are allowed. Letters to the editor may also discuss current clinical trials of key practical importance or any controversial issues pertaining to the field of internal medicine. In such a case, the main body of the manuscript should not exceed 1500 words and up to 15 references are allowed. It may contain 1 table or figure. All letters to the editor have a limit of 6 authors. An abstract is not required. In memoriam articles which follow the same requirements could also be considered for publication.

Preparation of the manuscript

All manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with the journal’s formatting style based largely on the American Medical Association Manual of Style (http://www.amamanualofstyle.com) and described in detail below.

All manuscripts should be prepared using the Microsoft Word software. Manuscripts submitted in PDF format will not be considered. The Times New Roman font (12 pts) should be used for all text, including title page, references, tables, and figure legends, and the Symbol font for Greek and special characters. All text, including title page, references, tables, and figure legends, should be double-spaced and right margins should be left unjustified. A margin of 2.5 cm should be used. All pages should be numbered consecutively starting with the title page. Do not use options such as automatic word breaking, double columns, or automatic paragraph numbering. Periods instead of commas should be used throughout the manuscript in decimal numbers.

The manuscript file should contain the following components: 1) title page; 2) abstract (if applicable); 3) graphical abstract (if applicable); 4) key words (if applicable); 5) main text; 6) acknowledgments; 7) funding; 8) contribution statement (original articles);  9) conflict of interest statement, 10) AI statement; 11) references; 12) tables; and 13) figure legends. Figures should be attached as separate files.

Covering letter

All submissions should be accompanied by a brief covering letter from the corresponding author to the executive editor. The covering letter should include full postal address, telephone number, and email address of the corresponding author; the manuscript title; and a brief description of the aims and findings of the study (in about 2–3 sentences). The covering letter should state clearly that all authors have read the manuscript and approved its contents, that the paper has not been published before or submitted for publication elsewhere, that all study participants provided informed consent, and that the study was approved by an appropriate ethics review board.

Title page

All submissions should contain the title page as the first page of the manuscript. The title page should include the following elements: 1) a concise and informative title (the use of abbreviations should be avoided); 2) a list of authors (first name, initial of the middle name, and last name of each author) followed by a list of affiliations in English—indicate all affiliations with a superscript number immediately after the author’s name and a non-superscript number in front of the appropriate affiliation (eg, 1 Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland); 3) short title (clear and accurate, max. 70 characters including spaces, may include abbreviations); and 4) details of the corresponding author, including the full name, academic degrees (the corresponding author needs to have a professional or scientific title), institutional details (institution’s name in English, postal address and institutional telephone number with area and country codes), and an email address.

Abstract and key words

Structured abstracts (original articles) should include the following subheadings: Introduction, Objectives, Patients and methods, Results, and Conclusions. Structured abstracts should provide enough detail to allow the reader to quickly understand the objective and findings of the study. Unstructured abstracts (review articles) should summarize the article, including salient observations and conclusions.

The abstract should be followed by 5 key words in an alphabetical order. Do not use abbreviations as key words.

Graphical abstracts

A graphical abstract outlining the main results is mandatory at submission of the original article. Focus on the graphical presentation of the study: use horizontal orientation and avoid reusing the figures and tables from the article; a graphical abstract should be original. The graphical abstract should include the following information: study group, type of study, type of intervention, and the most important outcome. A single sentence summarizing the key findings of the study should be added at the top of the abstract. Here are examples of properly prepared graphical abstracts: 1, 2 and 3.

Main text

Units of measure

Laboratory values should be expressed using the International System of Units (Le Systeme International d’Unités, SI) in lower-case letters (eg, mmol/l), with the exception of blood pressure values which are to be reported in mm Hg. Temperatures are to be given in degrees Celsius. If conventional units are used, their SI equivalents should be provided in parentheses only at first mention in the text. In tables, conversion factors should be provided in table footnotes according to the following example: “SI conversion factors: to convert C-reactive protein to nmol/l, multiply by 9.524; glucose to mmol/l, by 0.0555; ...”.

Abbreviations

Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and defined separately on first appearance in the abstract and main body of the manuscript. Abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least 3 times in the text. Nonstandard abbreviations should be avoided. Do not use abbreviations in manuscript titles (except when space considerations require otherwise) or figure legends and table titles. In rare cases, when the abbreviation is more familiar than the expansion, the abbreviation alone can be used (eg, DNA). Abbreviations without expansion can also be used for statistical terms listed in the Statistical analysis section below. For more information on the use of abbreviations in tables, see the Tables section below.

Secondary vs tertiary prevention

We acknowledge the distinction between secondary and tertiary prevention. However, in Pol Arch Intern Med we follow the European Society of Cardiology guidelines (https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines), which refer to “secondary prevention” in the context of all actions recommended for patients with an already confirmed diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.

Statistical analysis

P value

When any P value is expressed, it should be clear to the reader what parameters and groups were compared, what statistical test was performed, and whether the test was 1-tailed or 2-tailed (if relevant). For P values, the actual value for P should be expressed to 2 digits for P ≥0.01, whether or not P is significant. However, when rounding a P value expressed to 3 digits would make the P value nonsignificant (such as P rounded to 0.05), the P value can be left as 3 digits. If P <0.01, it should be expressed to 3 digits. The actual P value should be expressed (P = 0.04), rather than expressing a statement of inequality (P <0.05), unless P <0.001. P values of less than 0.001 should be designated as P <0.001 rather than the exact value, eg, P = 0.00006. Do not report P values using the term "not significant (NS)". If a P value rounds up to 1.00, it should be expressed as P >0.99.

Data presentation

Use the format mean (SD) for describing data by means of standard deviation, rather than the ± construction, for example: “The mean (SD) age of patients was 45 (54) years,” not “The age of patients was 45 ±54 years”; “Data on hospitalization were collected for all patients (mean [SD] length of stay, 9 [15] days; mean [SD] number of interventions, 3 [5]),” not “Data on hospitalization were collected for all patients (length of stay, 9 ±15 days; number of interventions, 3 ±5).” Please note that this convention should be used for data presented both in the manuscript and in tables or figures.

Describing data for not normally distributed quantitative variables

If the distribution of the quantitative variable does not follow the normal distribution, use median together with first and third quartiles to describe the data in median (Q1–Q3) format. If the descriptive statistics are presented in subgroups and in any of these subgroups the assumption of normal distribution is not met, the median and quartiles should be used for any mention of the variable. The interquartile range should not be repeated every time it is displayed in the main text; it can be displayed on the first use.

Do not display the test statistics value (e.g., Chi2 or F values) in the main text.

Abbreviations

The following abbreviations of statistical terms may be used without expansion: CI for confidence interval, SD for standard deviation, SE for standard error, and SEM for standard error of the mean.

Multivariate vs multivariable

Be careful about the use of the terms “multivariate” and “multivariable,” as they are not synonymous. To be accurate, multivariable refers to multiple predictors (independent variables). Multivariate refers to 1 or more independent variables for multiple outcomes.

Article information

This section should include: Acknowledgments, Funding, Contribution statement (for original articles), Conflict of interest statement and AI statement.

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments for consultations, patient recruitment, technical support, statistical analyses, and other contributions should be listed at the end of the text, including full names of the individuals involved.

Funding

All sources of funding should be listed in the Funding section after the Acknowledgments. External funding should be acknowledged in the Funding section by providing details of the funding institution, number of the research project, and name initials of the funding recipient.

Contribution statement

All original papers should contain a contribution statement at the end of the main text before references and after acknowledgments. An example of a contribution statement can be found below (please note the use of initials):

JM conceived the concept of the study. JM and LS contributed to the design of the research. All authors were involved in data collection. AB and EF analyzed the data. EF coordinated funding for the project. All authors edited and approved the final version of the manuscript.

AI statement

Provide a name and version of AI model/tool used in the paper. If AI was not used, use the following phrase: “Artificial intelligence was not used in preparation of this manuscript".

References

It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure the accuracy of the references in the submitted article. We encourage the use of Citation Style Language (CSL) editor when preparing the manuscript. Our CSL style is available on Zotero and other reference managers. For direct download, click here.

References should be identified by Arabic numerals in square brackets, without superscript, and numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the manuscript. Personal communications, unpublished data, or manuscripts submitted for publication should not be listed in the reference list; such data may be cited as “unpublished work” or “data not shown” in parentheses in the text only. Journal names should be cited according to the MEDLINE database. If a journal is not listed in Index Medicus, its full name should be given. References must be listed at the end of the manuscript using the journal's style of citation. For articles with 4 or fewer authors, all authors should be listed. For articles with 5 authors or more, only the first 3 authors should be listed, followed by “et al.” The issue number should not be provided. See below for examples.

Journal articles

Michelson AD, Cattaneo M, Eikelboom JW, et al. Aspirin resistance: position paper of the Working Group of aspirin resistance. J Thromb Haemost. 2005; 3: 1309-1311.

Book chapters

Frishman WH, Lerner RG, Klein MD, et al. Antiplatelet and antithrombotic drugs. In: Frishman WH, Sonnenblick EH, Sica DA, eds. Cardiovascular pharmaceutics. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2003: 259-299.

Tables

Tables must be fully editable and present additional data rather than duplicate data from the text. They should be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The text should include references to all tables, and the references should be positioned as close to the relevant text as possible. Each table should be on a separate page at the end of the manuscript. It should have a brief and self-explanatory title. Vertical and horizontal lines should be used to separate all rows and columns. Do not use “Enter” to separate data in a table. Each piece of data should be provided in a separate cell. Avoid very large tables, colored text, and cell shading. If many data are to be presented, an attempt should be made to divide them over to 2 or more tables. Any explanation essential to the understanding of the table as well as a list of abbreviations in an alphabetical order (eg, „Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; RBC, red blood cell; WHI, waist-to-hip ratio”) should be provided at the bottom of the table. For footnotes, use the following designations in a superscript: a, b, c, d, e, f. Do not use numbers or symbols to designate footnotes. Standard abbreviations of units of measurement should be added for each laboratory parameter, following a comma (eg, BMI, kg/m2). The first word in all column and row headings as well as footnotes should be capitalized.

Figures

Figure legends should be included in the manuscript file, while figures themselves should be uploaded as separate files. Legends should be brief and describe the key messages of a figure. The use of abbreviations and lengthy descriptions of methods should be avoided. Figures should be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The text should include references to all figures, and the references should be positioned as close to the relevant text as possible. Each figure or panel should be submitted as a separate file. The first word in all figure labels should be capitalized. There is no fee for the publication of color figures.

In general, figures in research papers should be the original figures generated by the authors. In the cases when figures are obtained externally, or when figures have been previously published elsewhere, written permission for use of such figures should be included with submission.

Photographs and other images

Photographs and other images should have a resolution of at least 300 DPI at a width of 65 mm. For clinical images that contain images with markers such as labels or arrows identifying relevant structures, a second version of each panel with no markers should be provided. The manuscript submission system allows for uploading of 2 versions of the same image. Submission item “Separate panels without markers” should be used. If the original image has no markers, the same version should be uploaded twice.

Graphs, charts and graphical abstracts

Graphs and charts (vector graphics), as well as graphical abstracts, should be submitted as fully editable drawing files from the program in which they were originally created (eg, Adobe Illustrator, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, PowerPoint). Graphs and charts from statistical programs should be saved and submitted preferably as editable PDF files. Only original files should be submitted, rather than, for example, a .jpeg or .tiff resaved as an .eps. Any text being part of the figure should also be fully editable, that is, not converted to curves. Please note that Corel files (.cdr) cannot be submitted and should be resaved as an accepted format such as .pdf or .eps

Supplementary material

The journal is strict on word limits. Any additional material may be submitted as supplementary material to be published as a separate downloadable PDF file alongside the main article at www.mp.pl/paim. All supplementary items should be included in a single standard DOC or DOCX file, which should be submitted together with the article via the online submission system. Each supplementary item should have a concise and descriptive caption. Publication of sound or movie clips is currently unavailable. The authors should refer to the supplementary files in the text as “Supplementary material” (eg, “… additional data are described in Supplementary material, Figure S4”).

Please note that the responsibility for scientific accuracy and file functionality of supplementary material remains entirely with the author(s), as the material remains unedited. A disclaimer to this effect is displayed with any published supplementary material.