Prognostic value of novel biomarkers compared with detailed biochemical evaluation in patients with heart failure

INTRODUCTION The assessment of prognosis is crucial for the clinical management of patients with heart failure (HF).

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of novel biomarkers for the assessment of prognosis in patients with HF, compared with a detailed assessment based on routine laboratory tests.

PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 179 patients with HF. In all patients, routine laboratory tests were performed and selected biomarkers were measured (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, growth hormone, myeloperoxidase, metaloproteinase 9, procollagen type III, soluble toll like receptor 2, insulin growth factor, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocain). The primary endpoint was death or urgent heart transplantation, while the secondary endpoints encompassed primary endpoints plus cardioverter intervention or hospitalization for HF.

RESULTS The mean age of the study group was 52.5 years (91% were men). Most patients had advanced HF. During a 6-month follow-up, 21 primary endpoints and 63 secondary endpoints were recorded. A multiple regression analysis showed that of all laboratory variables and biomarkers, only uric acid and sodium were independent predictors of primary endpoints, and only estimated glomerular filtration rate had a predictive value for secondary endpoints. None of the biomarkers were a significant prognostic factor in the study population.

CONCLUSIONS Biomarkers do not outweigh the value of standard laboratory tests. Routine laboratory workup allows to assess multiorgan damage and provides the most significant prognostic data. Biochemical tests should remain the gold standard for the assessme nt of prognosis in patients with HF.