Blood pressure reduction in patients with accessory renal arteries and bilateral single renal arteries after catheter-based renal denervation: a prospective study with 3-year follow-up

INTRODUCTION Catheter‑based renal denervation (RD) is an effective treatment leading to a significant reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) in patients with resistant hypertension.
OBJECTIVES The aim of this prospective study was to assess the BP-lowering and pulse pressure (PP)-lowering effects in patients with accessory and bilateral single renal arteries after catheter‑based RD during a 3‑year follow‑up.
PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 31 patients with diagnosed resistant hypertension. Patients were classified into 2 groups: group 1 included patients with accessory renal arteries, and group 2, with bilateral single renal arteries. The BP and PP reduction levels were measured before the procedure and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after the procedure.
RESULTS All procedures were successful. In group 1, mean systolic BP, diastolic BP, and PP at baseline were 172.7 mm Hg, 98.9 mm Hg, and 74.4 mm Hg, respectively. Systolic BP, diastolic BP, and PP reduction levels were, respectively, –26.9, 19.2, and 7.5 at 6 months; –33.3, 16.1, and 16.4 at 12 months; –29.2, 14, and 18.2 at 24 months; and –28.6, 13.6, and 13.7 at 36 months. In group 2, mean systolic BP, diastolic BP, and PP at baseline were 175.6 mm Hg, 100.1 mm Hg, and 75.5 mm Hg, respectively. Systolic BP, diastolic BP, and PP reduction levels were, respectively, –26, 10.5, and 15.5 at 6 months; –22, 8.9, and 13 at 12 months; –28, 12.4, and 15.6 at 24 months; and –24.6, 14.97, and 9.2 at 36 months. Significant reductions were observed for systolic BP in group 1 and for PP and systolic and diastolic BP in group 2.
CONCLUSIONS RD successfully reduced systolic BP in patients with resistant hypertension and accessory renal arteries. PP reduction after RD in patients with accessory renal arteries was less pronounced than in patients with bilateral single renal arteries.