Serum levels of interleukin‑6, interleukin‑10 and C‑reactive protein in patients with myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty during a 6‑month follow‑up

Introduction Recent studies indicate that inflammatory and immune factors are involved in the post‑infarction cardiac remodeling. Objectives We evaluated serum levels of interleukin‑6 (IL‑6), interleukin‑10 (IL‑10) and C‑reactive protein (CRP) in patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST‑segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the acute phase of the disease and 6 months later. Moreover we sought to determine the effect of selected clinical parameters on the levels of the inflammatory factors. Patients and methods The study involved 75 patients with STEMI, aged 36–82 years, treated with primary angioplasty. Blood samples for determination of IL‑6, IL‑10 and CRP levels were taken on the 3rd and 7th day of hospitalization and after 6 months. Results In the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) the levels of IL‑6, IL‑10 and CRP, as well as the IL‑6/IL‑10 and CRP/IL‑10 indexes were higher than in the control group. Six months later the CRP level decreased significantly, and the levels of IL‑6 and IL‑10 and the studied indices normalized. In the acute phase of MI there were positive correlations between the studied factors. The independent predictors of IL‑6, IL‑10 and CRP levels were body mass index (BMI), troponin I, low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol, high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the baseline levels of inflammatory markers. Conclusions In the acute phase of MI, inflammatory activation is enhanced with predominant proinflammatory response. In the course of the healing process within 6 months inflammation is suppressed and the balance between pro- and anti‑inflammatory activation is restored. The size of MI, BMI, lipid levels and the baseline levels of inflammatory markers influence the levels of inflammatory factors.