The role of glucagon‑like peptide 1 in glucose homeostasis and in other aspects of human physiology

This paper reviews the structure, function, and pathophysiology of glucagon‑like peptide 1 (GLP‑1). It describes the physiology and pathophysiology of the incretin axis, of which GLP‑1 is a component, as well as the biosynthesis, secretion, activity, and degradation of this intestinal hormone. Effects of GLP‑1 on the endocrine function of the pancreas, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, and on water‑electrolyte balance have been also presented.